Stm32 adc dma not working In short : To start the conversion you use the function: HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(ADC_HandleTypeDef* hadc, uint32_t* pData, uint32_t Length); Where pData is your variable / array where the DMA should put the data. Modified 7 years, 8 months ago. 1 The DMA will stop after transferring the data for all the channel once. I'm trying to convert 3 ADC channels using DMA. Then the data is transferred via DMA to a buffer. The ADC and DMA configurations are as shown in snap below. Using STM Peripheral examples for ADC3 with DMA. Info The ADC injects the conversion between the regular conversions. I'd like to collect 2 values from PA3 and PA4 and store them in an array (convertedData_u16). = enabled continuous conv. But DMA doesn't transfer anything. you do not need the pointer & HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc1,(uint32_t*)ADC_buf,2); make sure in cube mx DMA is in circular mode not normal. Check DMA modes . 🤷‍♂️ I am working on ADC setup using DMA, where upon the conversion completion the ADC values shall be transfered to memory using DMA. Hot I've been stumbled upon this issue for a week now. 1 but it is not working correctly. My cpu speed is 14Mhz and also to the ADC is > The CubeIDE for the STM32F0(30F4) does not provide ANY memory to peripheral DMA channels that you can select. I am configuring the ADC and DMA in the following way: Enable ADC1 clock (set ADC1EN in APB2ENR) Reset all ADC1 registers When i observed data in the debug section that data read correctly but DMA did not rise flag TCIF(transfer complete flag). 0 Kudos I am trying to configure ADC1 and run it. I am not sure why this is and have been fighting this issue for about a week; any help is much appreciated. I am currently working on stm32f103c8. My generated HAL_ADC_Init did not contain the HAL_ADC_MspInit(hadc); function call, so I have added this manually. However, I could only run a DMA Tra The Problem is that I can't get the DMA working. 3. DMA enabled ADC with FreeRTOS. Only 1 ADC channel. Under I'm using STM32H7A3 nucleo, manage to get SPI polling working, enclose code below, when I try in implement Interrupt and DMA , the code compile successfully with no error, but SPI outputs no signal. rel1 in STM32CubeIDE (MCUs) 2024-12-20; UART4 and Ethernet Configuration Issue on STM32H7S7L8HXH_RAMxspi1_ROMxspi2. ) Also The Exact Same Steps As The First Example Except For Step 2. uint32_t ADC_buf; not uint16_t ADC_buf. HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc1, &buffer, 1); All UART Transmissions before are working. STM32 Having problems to get DMA + ADC to run. I have timer 3 triggering the ADC at 40kHz, the ADC should then make a sample and when its conversion is done it should trigger the DMA. ADC conversion is triggered by 3. 6 What is missing to make stm32 ADC DMA work? Transfer Compete does not occur. 1. Second, I started the ADC with DMA request in circular mode, (for each End Of Conversion Interrupt, the DMA handler get the ADC converted data and store in a memory buffer). prawdziwy-sok prawdziwy-sok. 0. Associate II Options. The clock for GPIOA gets enabled, and PA3 is set to analog input. Hot Network Questions Why didn't Steve Zahn receive a credit for Silo? Im having some problems getting DMA to work, none of the interrupt routines are called, Simplified code below, hints appreciated ADC_HandleTypeDef hadc1; DMA_HandleTypeDef hdma_adc1; static uint32_t HAL_RCC_ADC12_CLK_ENABLED = 0; boolean ADC1_done = false; uint16_t ADC1ConvertedValue[10240]; void s STM32 ADC with DMA, DMA not writing data to memory location. Subscribe to RSS Feed; Mark Topic as New; Mark Topic as Read; Float this Topic for Current User; Bookmark; Subscribe; Mute; Printer Friendly Page; STM32F413 ADC DMA AnalogWatchdog not working in SleepMode Go to solution. I have ADC DMA set up as I've used in many other projects using this part. Subscribe to RSS Feed; Mark Topic as New; Mark Topic as Read; Float this Topic for Current User; Bookmark; Subscribe; Mute; Build GNU Tools for STM32 12. The problem is, that You cannot use any frequency to drive the ADC, because it has its internal limitations. On STM32H725ZG, ADC3 circular DMA is not working. I'm working on the ADC , conversion triggered by timer2 , but there is no output. (NUCLEO-G431KB) Hot Network Questions cartridge style bottom bracket temperature range driver "self['prop']" not working in 4. Solved: /* ***** Issue in starting multichannel ADC through DMA. Follow asked Jan 10, 2016 at 15:35. My problem is getting both working, the DMA AND the UART. 1. I can read the data register (DR) and it seems to get good readings. I have an STM32F411VET and I want to have interrupt triggered after ADC conversion is finished. STM32F4 DMA seems to be overflowing. The ADC Configuration Will Be As Follows: Everything in ADC configurations will be as default in normal mode. (DMA1_FLAG_TC1) ? One clears all relative DMA channel interrupts? In the general STM32 model there is sometimes a bit reflecting the peripheral state, and another reflecting the interrupt Remember that the ADC DMA "Length" parameter is specified in DMA words, not in 8/16/32bit data sizes. The data array wont change. i tried out changing the sample value and clock prescaler . HAL_ADC_Start_DMA (&hadc1, dest, 10) doesn't work as it should. FAQ; Board index. Modified 12 months ago. Hello. Debugging the code shows that the software does not step over the HAL_UART_Transmit statement after starting the ADC-DMA Pipeline. I know the conversion complete callback is executed because I breakpointe LwIP Ethernet in STM32H7 working in STM32CubeIDE but not in IAR in STM32 MCUs Products 2024-11-28 STM32CubeProgrammer 2. The second DMA channel is used to read the slave ADC converted data from ADC_DR, and the DMA requests are generated at each EOC event of the slave ADC. Post by stevestrong » Sun Apr 12, 2020 4:13 pm. Demo 3: DMA with ADC. 1 STM32 DMA Memory to memory transfer only fires once 5 STM32F4 I2C with DMA not working. ADC clock is also 80Mhz. The initialization sequence and the ADC start code is as below, where AINW_DmaRawAdcData is "uint32_t Do you not see that it's unsurprising that you're seeing a half-empty buffer, when the callback you're using occurs before the DMA operation is complete (since that callback is unrelated to the DMA)? Read up on the HAL library documentation and HAL_DMA_RegisterCallback in particular. This does work, sort of. STM32F303: ADC with DMA only works a few times. STM32F404K8: HAL, ADC+DMA gets stuck after first reading. I finally got it to work using Timer 1 with the following In a recent post I talked about my problems getting DMA work with the ADC. As you said to ENABLE hadc. This is the Fourth tutorial in the STM32 ADC series. However, nothing works until I call this function again. 18. \$\begingroup\$ @brhans That turned out to be the issue and DMA is now working. DMA mode1, HalfWord(16bit), storing single 12-bit ADC value. I used the instance &hadc1 instead for this function, and with this my interrupt started About why DMA finishes while I2C is still working: HAL driver sends I2C data over DMA using 255 byte chunks, stops DMA, starts DMA, clears I2C_CR2 NBYTES/RELOAD, enables DMA. The Overflow Blog I recently encounter a similar issue, ADC value was stuck to the value of the first sample while my dma was supposed to run. TIM8 init function: void MX_TIM8_Init(void) I understand the STM32H7's BDMA requires special attention to the memory map [FAQ: DMA is not working on STM32H7 devices] however, when I try to declare the buffer to SRAM4 that will be the destination for the ADC DMA transfer, __attribute__((at(0x38000000)))uint32_t pAdcBuffer [ 1024 ] = {0}; OR. You can check the video below to see the entire working. The result is stored in one of the injected result channel for the interrupt. At this moment, my tasks only manage leds and pins, running smoothly and in a well-timed manner. Associate III In response to Tesla DeLorean. But HAL_ADC_DMA_Start() function doesn't set proper DMNGT bits back. It's likely your ADC sample rate is too slow. I The first DMA channel is used to read the master ADC converted data from ADC_DR, and the DMA requests are generated at each EOC event of the master ADC. Pain. Only regular mode supports DMA. Here is example of using I2C with DMA_CIRCULAR mode: Does anybody have DMA working on the onboard ADC on the H743? Arduino platform. However, this time the STM32 ADC interrupts are not activated and the DMA is configured instead and the DMA Ok, Thanks to Tom V for the insight on the Different Memory Banks. STM32F4 ADC DMA config not working. After that I can do what ever I want, DMA seems not to w If you have a look at the HAL documents and examples you findet an example how to use the ADC with DMA. STM32F103C8T6 DMA ADC not working. For 1 channel the code: ADC DMA does not work; Options. FAQs STM32 MPUs Products; STM32 MPUs Boards and hardware tools; STM32 MPUs Embedded software and solutions; STM32 MPUs Software development tools; MEMS and sensors. Ask Question Asked 12 months ago. What is missing to make stm32 ADC DMA work? STM32 DMA Memory to memory transfer only fires once. If I change the size of the data buffer, then the code stops working the second I try and do anything other than assign variables. Here is example of working code: Ciao Riccardo, si ho risolto. g. I done it, but it's not working. STM32L0 ADC Problem converting multiple channels using DMA. In order to activate ADC DMA on STM32H7 you need to follow these steps: Activate ADC instance under analog ADC. APB2 Timers clock is 80Mhz. 0 Kudos Reply. Several solutions Solved: I am initialising the ADC2 w/DMA via STM32CubeMX. Now the strange part: HAL_ADC_ConvHalfCpltCallback is I'm a bit stuck with my project, i know variables are created in ITCMRAM space wich is not accesable by DMA and should be setup in D2 RAM space. 1st and second buffer shows grabage value . 2. STM32F3 Dual ADC with interleaved mode. However its not working. I configured ADC1 with Channels 8 and 9, and GPDMA1 with Channel1. They only set by ADC_Init() function. 3us. SPI slave device is a TI ADC. ld) were stm32 usart dma receive not starting if byte in data register. I am trying to read some data by ADC using DMA transfer method I configured the ADC attached the code below. Read out and check/post TIM, ADC and DMA registers content. If this variable is set, we will process the converted data and then start the ADC in DMA mode again. don't hijack other's threads, start your own and if you feel it's pertinent to other threads, provide links to them STM32 ADC DMA Example HAL (Single-Channel Single-Conv. stm32f4 adc eoc flag with dma. I cannot getting the ADC value in all buffer only read the 3rd buffer . As a higher priority one. It can be used for audio sampling, a custom oscilloscope, etc. In Cube, you can configure the ADC sample rate to something higher by changing cycles per measurement. All other fields stay untouched. not grinding the ADC as fast as possible, and arbitrarily printing a value every half-second. Once this bit has been set, the ADC scans all the channels selected in the ADC_SQRx registers (for regular channels) or in the ADC_JSQR register (for injected channels). You're probably not managing cache correctly or you haven't disable caching in the memory space where you're using DMA. APB2 Timers clock is 168Mhz. To get you started, we will show you how to interface multiple channels ADC using DMA in STM32 Nucleo development Board and STM32Cube IDE. ioc di STM inizializzava in modo incorretto il DMA, in particolare mi succedeva che il generatore automatico mettesse l’init del DMA dopo l’init degli ADC il che impediva all’ADC di funzionare correttamente. Start funtion can ea What is missing to make stm32 ADC DMA work? Transfer Compete does not occur STM32F3 Discovery board ADC DMA transfer not working. See AN4195 for more info. Quick links. a timer overflow. STM32 NVIC ADC interrupt not triggering. The clock for the ADC gets enabled. If you want to enable manually, go to MX_ADC1_Init(void) function, and change "hadc1. The code presented doesn't help me see what's going to happen. discontinuous conversion accuracy. It I set up DMA with USART in CubeMX 5. 10x5channels = 50 elemet DMA transfer) To average the data after the transfer. Now the strange part: HAL_ADC_ConvHalfCpltCallback is called regularly, HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback is NOT. After reading the "HAL ADC Generic Driver" - UM1785 section, I got the idea that I don't have to use the "HAL_ADC_MspInit ()" function. Yes, polling works Yes, i read and tried the article: void Stm32_Clock_Init(uint32_t plln, uint32_t pllm, uint32_t pllp, uint32_t pllq) {HAL_StatusTypeDef ret = HAL_OK; RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct; Hi everyone, I have configured my ADC on STM32F405 in Scan mode to read 5 channels. The problem is, I am unable to receive data using DMA. The following Hi, I am working on a project using STM32L152. requests = enabled overrun My first issue was trying to trigger the ADC conversion using a Timer2 Trigger Update but it seems there's an issue with Timer2 TRGO based on section 2. But the variables don't seem to change when I watch them in the debugger. \$\endgroup\$ – I am working on a STM32f030. Check in the sequence of events, if TIM runs, if ADC is set properly (see e. I have problems to get DMA with ADC working. I'm trying to get ADC with DMA working on my STM32F411RE nucleo board. Here are the pin's I'm using for each ADC line: #1: ADC1/Temp Sensor (Internal) #2: ADC1/IN This time the STM32 ADC interrupts are not activated and the DMA is configured instead, and the DMA interrupt is enabled by default in the NVIC controller tab. . DMAContinuousRequests. Problem is, after the trigger has started your first DMA transfer it has to be changed to SPI RX buffer empty trigger which can not be done automatically. Now to my problem: The ADC is triggered by a timer update event. To reduce the overhead in the main loop, I figured I should set the ADC to run in continuous mode, and the DMA to run in circular mode. It's not that sprintf() isn't working, it that' you've broken the MCU with the task you've assigned it. I need to convert 2 channels of ADC, and decided to use DMA. However, after I start the DMA using the code below, the main while loop fails to execute. My STM32 stuff on github - compact USB device stack and more: https://github To sum things up, the STM32 ADC in Multi-Channel Scan Mode (Continuous-Conversion) can only be reliably used with DMA. Browse STMicroelectronics Community. DMA is pretty quick at transferring values out of the ADC peripheral, and since you're seeing results, I'd presume it's configured properly. Il generatore di codice dall'. The DMA is a great tool to use with the ADC when you want to transfer lots of samples to memory continuously. Scan conv. (I also tried initializing the array with none zeros, in case the DMA writes 0 in the array but not even that) The ADC is running fine. It also disables DMNGT bits to 00 value to prevent any extra DMA request during STOP process which is normal. Viewed 3k times 1 . I could send you the whole compiling project, if that helps. com/s/article/FAQ-DMA-is-not-working-on-STM32H7-devices I implemented the functions HAL_ADC_ConvHalfCpltCallback and HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback. In example I can see the changes in ADC3ConvertedValue. Inside the while loop we will check the state of the variable isADCFinished. Add DMA under system core -> DMA and choose the ADC instance that you already activated. 5. STM32F302 Adc with DMA for different size and channel. Init. When MCU is informed about end of ADC? 1. STM32F3 Discovery board ADC DMA transfer not working. For some reason this time around ADC values are not getting ready by the micro, and when I debug I'm working on a project for a digital filter, see figure below. = enabled DMA cont. I am trying to move one channel ADC value into DMA and read it in main. ld and _RAM. The STM32 HAL makes it a little easier to use, as there’s some built-in functions that control the DMA with the ADC, specifically. Otherwise it's not working. Hardfault when attempting to read unaligned DMA register address on STM32F4. Mikebebe Mikebebe. I saw an example with almost the same code and it has worked for the person. One of them is measuring the internal temperature sensor, and the other 3 are measuring external voltages. What I like to do ist to make a single DMA transfer to sample the 5 channels more than one time (e. I am controlling LEDs through a potentiometer and a button. STM32 ADC: Continuous conversion (DMA) vs. I cannot configure my STM32F411RE DMA with ADC correctly. HAbay. please help me . Mark HAL_ADC_DMA_STOP() function stops and disables ADC resources. its flags and if triggering is set properly - note that observing ADC registers using debugger has side effect) and if DMA is set up and runs (NDTR decrements). Result. When MCU is informed about end of ADC? 0. 1 STM32 HAL DMA interrupt does not fire. STM32F4 I2C with DMA not working. STM32 HAL DMA interrupt does not fire. STM32 MCUs Products; STM32F413 ADC DMA AnalogWatchdog not working in Sl Options. I observe, that the accuracy of ADC conversion results is way better in discontinuous conversion mode (= "manual" software trigger for each conversion) instead of continuous conversion mode (= single trigger to start and continuous result transfer to memory STM32F4 ADC DMA config not working. I'm trying to set up my STM32 to read signals from both ADC 1 and 2 through DMA, while keeping the rest of my program running through FreeRTOS tasks scheduling. DMAContinuousRequests = DISABLE" to ENABLE and make sure your dma is configured in circular mode. 1 of the errata sheet here. The input is PA3. Cores. As homework: ADC DMA is not working after generated code using with stm32cubemx for keil. 2? I used ADC+DMA on STM32F3's successfully, but I cannot get it to work on this F7. STM32 ADC DMA. The ADC conversion is started. The Scan mode is selected by setting the SCAN bit in the ADC_CR1 register. Go to solution. I run into issues as soon as I start the DMA with HAL_ADC_Start_DMA. On other STM32 controllers you can select the DMA trigger interrupt to be e. DMA mode 3, HalfWord(16bit), storing two 6-8bit ADC values. I don't know the STM32H7 DMA implementation exactly. In my case, dac_data1 is placed on RAM, also known as DTCMRAM on the reference manual. The problem I am facing is that the value of the potentiom ADC Sequence conversion not working on STM32G030. Viewed 172 times 1 I want to read 4 ADC channels (PA0,PA1,PA2 and PA3) in scan-continuous mode using DMA, the problem is that once the uC runs the program it just perform one ADC read sequence and then it gets "stuck", the code is still This is difficult to describe, but basically my DMA ADC stream will give me correct readings for lets say 10 seconds, then gets "locked up" / outputs static values that do not change (when they should), and then randomly start "working" again. However, only one channel is giving correct data with the other one just sending junk. The DMA should then move the converted value from the ADC peripheral memory to a memory address. DOWNLOAD SECTION . DTCMRAM is not accessible to DMA but is chosen to be the default memory location for runtime operations on the H7. A modification in the linker files (In my case, both _FLASH. You cannot use any frequency to drive the ADC, because it has its internal Demo 3: DMA with ADC. Improve this question. Hot Network Questions But that's not enough, and likely not the direct cause. #define ADC_CHANNELS 3 uint16_t adcResultsDMA[ADC_CHANNELS]; int adcConversionComplete = 0; char message[32]; The only problem ist, that when doing so, my UART stops working. If I use the interrupt mode (just change HAL_UART_Receive_DMA to I am writing code for a STM32G030 microcontroller. No chance to handle multiple channel conversion without DMA other than using WAIT mechanism - the next conversion starts after reading the previous result. If I comment the two lines of code that initialize FreeRTOS+Trace and start the trace, so the trace is not running, then the ADC is not working. HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc4, DMA_adc4_buffer, 16); I implemented the functions HAL_ADC_ConvHalfCpltCallback and HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback. Arduino for STM32. Everything relating to using STM32 boards with the Arduino IDE and alternatives. Without timer ADC is running well and DMA working (just not every 1ms, but faster). please suggest any way to work ADC DMA. What could be STM32F030 DMA interrupt not working I only modified the DMA address in the ADC interrupt because I could not get the DMA complete interrupt to fire. HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc1, (uint32_t *)&ADC_Raw, 4); Demo 3: DMA with ADC. STM32 MCUs; STM32 MCUs Products; ADC(with DMA) doesn't work when I increase its fre Options. Try acquiring a single buffer with the DMA not in circular mode and see if that data looks reasonable. Generate The Project & Open It In The CubeIDE. If all this works and also DMA sets the TC flag in LISR as Demo 3: DMA with ADC. The STM32 series are great CPUs for embedded developers, hackers, musicians and the like to With the ADC configured to 6-bit accuracy, I'm expecting each measurement to take 18 CPU cycles. The STM32 DMA configurations for the ADC will be as shown below. So even if you drive the trigger to 18MHz, it will still not work. DMA may be run continuously using DMA_CIRCULAR mode, but currently it is not implemented in HAL I2C drivers. Ask Question Asked 7 years, 8 months ago. Program stop working as I activated ADC interrupt on STM32. DMA mode 2, Word (32bit), storing two 12-bit ADC values. 111 8 8 bronze badges. st. The DMA settings are as follows. The interrupt-based reading is impossible to implement and the polling method can potentially cause your system to fail (halt forever) or get the channels’ readings mixed up no matter how hard you try to build a perfect state machine to capture the I am trying to use the ADC on STM32f407G-DISC1 board to read joystick x and y position on pins PA2 and PA1 respectively and store the values to a memory location using the DMA. 21 1 1 STM32F4 ADC DMA config not working. I can see that data is being collected in ADC1->DR (cannot validate if they are plausib Hi all, I am new to stm32cube ide and this is my first project. A single conversion is performed for each channel of the group. 3. The buffer is awfully small and I have no idea of the sample rate, or channels, etc. ADC is activated and keeps throwing Overrun_Error. Therefore we do not need to start the ADC in DMA mode again. STM32F7: ADC DMA transfer only works once. I'd like to use the ADC on one input channel. This was due to a wrong peripheral initialization sequence and was fixed by having the right : clock - gpio - dma - then adc - If I use FreeRTOS+Trace, the ADC over DMA is working. I2C transmit with DMA and HAL not working. 0 released in STM32CubeProgrammer (MCUs) 2024-11-27 STM32H750B-DK Debug issue with SCB_EnableDCache in STM32 MCUs Products 2024-11-25 I am am reading ADC via DMA on the STM32 Nucleo F334R8. Because I'd also like to perform FFT on the samples, I figured I need to delegate the storage of samples to DMA. I checked the whole code but cannot find any problems. 0. you do not need code in while loop since the value of ADC_buf is already there I managed to get Timer running, but for some reason ADC conversion is not triggered. APB2 Peripherals clock is 84Mhz. 2. 1 STM32L4 SPI Transfer complete interrupt using DMA fires only once . /* USER What about it is not working? The data array should be uint16_t, not uint32_t. stm32; adc; dma; stm32h; or ask your own question. 6. Check out the Video Below. I am taking the input from ADC1 pin PA0 which is connected to a potentiometer. STM32F334R8: ADC with DMA. Perhaps this: https://community. Therefore we need to start the ADC in DMA mode whenever we want to convert the ADC data. Only a single EOC and EOS event when CHSELR = 0b111. STM32H747 Register implemented ADC with DMA. ld in STM32CubeIDE In this tutorial, we will explain the basic principles of Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) and Direct Memory Access (DMA) of the STM32 microcontroller. Skip to content. In this series will see how to use the ADC peripheral of the STM32 to read the data from the Analog devices. A test codelet below, designed to demonstrate the issue, repeatedly takes 12-bit readings from PC0 (ADC123_INP10) and PC1 (ADC123_INP11) with ADC1 or ADC3, using circular DMA. What is missing to make stm32 ADC DMA work? Transfer Compete does not occur. I suggest you use a timer to trigger a regular sequence for your fast channel, with a circular DMA setup to move the data. Peripherals are not aware of cache so you must manage it manually. the signal is connected to the PC0 pin (ADC channel 10, DMA2), but whenever I check, the uhADC1ConvertedValue is 0. Follow asked Jul 9, 2019 at 9:02. At this stage, when I check the memory buffer via the Debugger - It seams that the data are messed and it's like the DMA was skipping values). STM32: I2S input not working when using Posted on September 15, 2016 at 20:55 I'm trying to get 4 total ADC channels up and running using ADC. ADC with DMA on the STM32F411 is not working. The ADC is set to continuous mode with DMA mode and continuous DMA requests. stm32; dma; adc; Share. STM32F4 SPI Receive interrupt not working. STM32F3 Discovery board ADC DMA transfer not stm32; dma; adc; nucleo; Share. STM32 ADC Multi-Channel DMA (Single-Conversion) Example Code Arduino for STM32. But why is transfer compete callback Solved: ADC DMA is not working after generated code using with stm32cubemx for keil. What is missing to make stm32 ADC DMA work? Transfer Compete does not occur STM32 DMA Memory to memory transfer only fires once. It tells me, that the ADC with DMA transfer is running fine. Subscribe to RSS Feed; it shows what's working. Everything else I see makes me feel like ADC, Timer, and DMA are working, but I get the feeling you’re accessing data when you shouldn’t be. When calling HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(&huart1,USARTBuffer,10); Only the first [0] field of my array changes and contains a received char. Posted on October 13, 2015 at 11:19 Hi. mbv dvkxjia zvta msk rdrm dwt quw merz xbg iri